With 97 described species, 67 of which are considered to be valid by the majority of scientists, the bottom-dwelling ground tetras (Characidium) are extremely species-rich. Unfortunately, there is no complete overview of the genus. Misidentifications or at least uncertainties prevail in both scientific and hobbyist literature. One of the most frequently cited species in the literature, Characidium fasciatum, was described as early as 1867 and was subsequently considered to be very widespread and common until 1992, when the matter was put right. In fact, C. fasciatum only comes from the Rio Sao Francisco basin in Brazil, most of the fish named “C. fasciatum” so far were C. zebra, C. purpuratum or other species.
What makes it even more difficult to determine the species is that it must be assumed that there are still many undescribed, i.e. new species. This means that it is no fun at all to identify ground tetras. But keeping these nice animals in the aquarium is all the more fun!
Characidium steindachneri was already described in 1878 from the upper Amazon in Peru. According to the available data, the species becomes about 5 cm long. Synonyms are C. catenatum and C. ladigesi, the distribution area is said to be huge and to cover practically the entire catchment area of the Amazon and the Orinoco. We have now received specimens from Peru that correspond quite well to the rather vague definition of C. steindachneri as described above. But as I said, we don’t know anything for sure.
Ground tetras are very entertaining animals whose behavior is reminiscent of a litter of young dogs. They are constantly curious, leaning on their large pectoral fins and observing their surroundings. They cannot be described as schooling fish, but they seek contact with conspecifics and should therefore always be kept in groups. Any tap water is suitable for keeping them and they will eat any standard fish food of a suitable size, although it should be noted that these fish only have a small mouth. They are completely peaceful, both with each other and with other fish. Plants are ignored. Ground tetras are free spawners without brood care, the females are somewhat fuller than the males. Males also have elongated pectoral fins.
For our customers: the animals have code 215803 on our stock list. Please note that we only supply the wholesale trade.
Text & photos: Frank Schäfer
